What Causes Vitiligo?

Vitiligo is a skin disorder in which colourless patches of skin appear. 

Each person's entire amount of skin that vitiligo might affect is different. Additionally, it may have an impact on the hair, tongue, and eyes. The majority of the time, the affected areas are permanently stained. 
There are several distinct theories regarding the causes of vitiligo, despite the fact that they are not all fully established: 

1. Autoimmune disorder: The immune system of the sick person may produce antibodies that kill melanocytes. 
2. Genetic considerations: Some variables that may raise the risk of developing vitiligo can be passed down via families. Vitiligo runs in families in about 30% of instances. 
3. Neurogenic factors: At epidermal nerve terminals, a chemical that is harmful to melanocytes may be secreted.
4. Self-destruction: Melanocytes that have a flaw in them destroy themselves. 
5. Certain situations, like physical or emotional stress, may also cause vitiligo. It's probable that a combination of these causes is to blame for vitiligo because none of the theories seem to fully explain the disorder.
    

How can it be treated?

Vitiligo does not have a treatment. Medical treatment aims to achieve a uniform skin tone by either repigmenting (restoring colour) or removing the remaining colour (depigmentation). Surgery, light therapy, repigmentation therapy, and camouflage therapy are all common forms of treatment. Additionally, counselling might be advised.
 

When to visit a doctor 
If some of your skin, hair, or mucous membranes start to lose colour, consult a dermatologist. Vitiligo has no treatment. However, therapy may stop or slow the discoloration process and help your skin regain some of its colour.